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Links to External Resources

The external resources identified in this section are selected works of scholars, higher education associations, and higher education or athletics administrators.  If you have produced information or a study relevant to this topic that you would like to have posted, please go to the Contribute Content page to create a submission request.  The Knight Commission on Intercollegiate Athletics does not necessarily endorse all of the recommendations or opinions expressed in these resources but supports engagement, dialogue and research by all stakeholders.

  • NCAA Division I Athletics Certification Program Web site
    A central part of the Commission’s “one-plus-three” model, the NCAA’s athletics certification program was approved at the 1993 Convention.  Program components, such as operating principles and measurable standards, are accessible on this portion of the NCAA Web site.
  • Campus Athletics Governance, the Faculty Role: Principles, Proposed Rules, and Guidelines, Coalition on Intercollegiate Athletics (2004)
    "This document focuses on the faculty role in campus athletics governance.  It articulates a set of principles, proposes a set of uniform rules, and discusses in detail guidelines that, when adapted and applied by individual campuses, can help ensure the proper function of this faculty role.  In focusing on the faculty role, this document assumes the leading role of campus presidents, the ultimate authority of the institutional governing board, and practical centrality of athletics directors and coaches.”
  • Coalition on Intercollegiate Athletics
    COIA, an alliance of university faculty senates founded in 2002 to provide a faculty voice in the national discussion about the future of intercollegiate sports, consulted with the NCAA and other national groups to develop its best practices, which were published in Framing the Future: Reforming Intercollegiate Athletics in 2007.  Researchers at the John Curley Center for Sports Journalism, housed in the College of Communications at Pennnsylvania State University, surveyed schools participating in the Football Bowl Subdivision in 2009 to determine the extent to which they implement COIA’s best practices. The results were published in the Journal of Intercollegiate Sport, along with detailed case studies of six universities that most fully implemented those best practices.  The results and case studies can be found here: